Analysis of APC Gene, a Biomarker of Colon Cancer

The occurrence and development of cancer are related to the activation of multiple oncogenes and the inactivation of tumor suppressor genes. APC is a tumor suppressor gene that can be deleted or inactivated in 85% of colon cancers, whether in preclinical tumor models or in Clinical studies have found that the high expression and mutation of the APC gene can be used as a marker for predicting the prognosis of colorectal cancer. The development of effective biomarker research for colorectal cancer is not only helpful to promote the development of anti-tumor drugs, but also has great significance for early diagnosis of the disease, reasonable and effective treatment, prognosis, and improvement of patient survival.

Early studies found that the APC gene is not only related to familial colonic adenomatous polyposis (FAP), but later discovered that it also plays an important role in the occurrence of sporadic colorectal cancer (SCRC). The similarity of the germ cell and somatic mutation profiles displayed by APC gene in FAP and sporadic colorectal cancer suggests that the involvement of APC gene in the occurrence and development of these two colorectal cancers may be a common mechanism. The high expression and mutation of APC gene can be used as a marker for predicting the prognosis of advanced colorectal cancer. Biomarkers can be detected in normal biological processes, pathological processes, or pharmacological pathways, and can be used as diagnostic tools, disease grading tools or disease degree classification tools, guidance and prediction of disease prognosis, and monitoring of the effect of disease on an intervention method. reaction.

APC gene is a kind of tumor suppressor gene, and its mutation has an important relationship with the occurrence of colorectal cancer. Some researchers have conducted studies through tumor models. After activating the APC gene in rats with colorectal cancer models, they found that Wnt signal was restored To normal levels, mouse tumor cells stopped proliferating and intestinal cells returned to normal functions. The tumor became smaller, disappeared, or returned to normal cells within two weeks, and no signs of tumor recurrence were found during the 6-month follow-up period. Medicilon provides a variety of effective animal models according to customer needs to test the effectiveness of drugs. Experimental animals include non-human primates, dogs, mice, rats, rabbits, guinea pigs, nude mice and other types. At present, a number of effective animal tumor models have been established, and they have undergone multilateral verification and long-term practice tests.

Other researchers pointed out that a protein conferred by the APC gene is a possible target for the prevention of colorectal cancer. This protein regulates the growth and division of cells, preventing them from losing control and forming tumors. On the other hand, the inactivation of APC can promote the development of colorectal cancer. A study published in the journal Developmental Cell stated that APC proteins can inhibit the development of colon cancer. This discovery may open the door to new drugs for this disease. The researchers said, “They found that blocking Wnt receptor activity in APC-deficient cells can inhibit Wnt signaling without relying on Wnt ligands. They also found that the inducible loss of APC is closely related to Wnt receptor activation. These findings challenge The current accepted view of how APC can prevent colon cancer reveals the broader and multifaceted role of APC.”

More importantly, the researchers believe that their findings may find new treatments for the most common cancers. Because this new role of APC involves proteins on the cell surface, treatment for colorectal cancer may become easier.

Therefore, the mutation of the tumor suppressor gene APC gene has an important relationship with the occurrence of colorectal cancer. However, the functional impact of APC gene mutation at the biochemical level and the specific mechanism of its anti-cancer effect is not very clear. This needs to be done in the future on the relationship between the structure and function of the APC gene, the mechanism of action, and its interaction with other related genes. In-depth study. Since colorectal cancer is a multifactorial disease, which is regulated by many genes and proteins, the discovery and application of its key regulatory molecules still has a long way to go.

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